Loom for weaving axminster carpets and rugs



C. H. COLLINS.

LOOM FOR WEAV IN G AXMINSTER CARPETS AND BUGS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.15, 1921.

1,400,94 Patentd Dec. 20, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' INV EN TOR.

ATTORNEY C. H. COLLINS.

LOOM FOR WEAVING AXMINSTER CARPETS AND BUGS. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 15, 1921.

1,400,941, W Patented Dec. 20, 1921 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 TOPL/NE or Film/c.

' ATTORNEY- C. H. COLLINS. LOONI FOR WEAVING AXMINSTER CARPETS AND BUGS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I5, I92].

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented Dec; 20

SPIKE M INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY C. H. COLLINS.

LOOM FOR WEAVING AXMINSTER CARPETS AND HUGS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 15. 1921.

Patented Dec. 20, 1921 4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

FAB/5 x IQNVENT'OR.

BY my ATTORNEY crranniis; 1r. 00mins, or'wusr ALBANY,

new YORK, nssrenon To s. sanronna sons, me, on AMSTERDAM, new YosK.

LOOM FOR WEAVING AXMENSTEB CARPETS AND BUGS. i

lA il'tlglMli Specification oi LettersPatenu Patented Dec. 26", 1%21,

Application filed February 15, 1921. Serial No. 445,060;

To (all whom it may concern:

Be it lronWn that I, Crrnnnns H. COLLINS,-

a citizen of the United States of America residing: at lVest Albany, in the county o1 Albany and dtal e of New York have invented certain new and useful Improvemerits in Looms for Weaving Axminster ("arpe s and of which the following i. specification. V

Ally invention relates to loomsfor Weaving Axminster carpets and rugs.

l the manufacture of Axminster carpets and runs which are Woven on the present type of looms, the yarns are dyed in the slze'in and alter-ward wound on spools or bobbins each of which contains, when full, approximately four hundred yards of yarn. These spools or bobbins are then placed on the spindles of a spool haul: or frame (usually 252 on a bank for a 36-inch fabric)- ireparatory to having a portion of each of the yarns from the various spools Wound onto a thirtysix inchleugth, small diameter loom spool. About seven yards of each of the 251% yarns are contained on a filled loom spool. and the Winding is usually done by a setting frame such as the device for which United States PatentnNo. 1,185,633 Was granted to me under date of June 6th, 1916 After the loom spools have been filled they are conveyed to the loom and placed one pair of endless spool chains carried on suitable sprockets. in ordinary practice a machine making a twelve itoot rug design, requires chains carrying ct such spools each spool lacing inserted twice ineach rug once on each side of the center thereof. Such a loom, on account of the long spool chains required, occupies a great amount of valuable factor" space. v

H is ohvious that When plaiu or plain striped r1 or c rpets are to be produced the spools ould be inserted otli'tener and a lower hum. of spools would suilice: This luiucver impractical with the present looms asit would require a great part of the operators time to keep fresh spools insertedthe capacity of the permissible size of spools which the looms are designed to handle being so small that ment would be necessary. It Would also cause extra care on the part of the loom fixer as it is necessary to adjust the Waste cam as often as there is material change in the diameter of the yarn on the loom spools in order to insure an evenly surfaced product WltliOlliL cutting an excessive aniountfoi Waste. c v

he object of my present invention is to provide a loom which may be adapted to weave either plain or striped Axminster carpets or rugs orllxminster rugs having a plain center and a plain border; which Will occupy reduced factory space; which will reduce to a minimum the amount of Waste which will he cut; and which will produce a smooth evenly surfaced carpet or rug and at less eiz ienjse than the present looms; together with such other objects as may be hereafter set forth. in designing my improved combinatio loom, have planned to utilize as much of the present type of loom as possible in order tliat such looms may he changed over to my improved combination loom at comparativelysmall expense With this in view my invention consists primarily of improved yarn feeding and insertingmechanisms applied to the usual i-ixminster loom;,and of substituting a spool rack oi? any suitable type adapted to carry the usual spools or bobbins oi' yarn in place of the loom spools, endless spool carrying chains; and spool inserting H inechanism.. r

The improved mechanisms Which I use, the dilierent combinations of which my loom capable and the different products which such combinations will produce, are illus trated' the accompanying drawings in which: l I

F' ure l. is a diagram of theyarn feeding and inserting; mechanism, the loom adapted to make plain or plain striped ill? ininster carpets.

' Fi '7 feeding mechanism and. the inserting mechacombination loom arranged as above.

. Fig. i. is a side elevation of the traveling tube frame group. V

F 1g. 5. 1s a front elevation ofaportlon of the same.

F 1g.. 6. sionbar, a 1s a diagram of the secondary yarn nisma Fi 8. is a side elevation ofthe referred form oftraveling tube frame group strucpr ture.

V or other suitable support.

' lever 11.

Fig. this a front elevation of a portion of the same.

ll 10. is a partial end elevation of one type of spool bank or rack.

igs. 11 and 12 illustrate the carpet patterns which the loom is adapted to weave when arranged as per Figs. 1, 2. and 3.

Fig. 13, is a diagram of the yarn feeding and inserting mechanisms when the full com bination is used. I

' Fig. 141 illustrates an arrangement of 'ratchets on the bell crank lever operating the feeding mechanism, which makes it possible to easily and quickly change from the primary to the secondary feed or vice versa. 15 illustrates the type of rug which the full combination will produce.

The same reference charactersrefer to the same parts throughout the several views.

I will first explain my positive yarn feeding, mechanism which is shown in diagram in Fig. 1 and which consists of a series of feed rolls, 1, 5, 6 and 7, geared together in pairs and driven from the chain cam shaft oft-he loom. j

9n the chain cam shaft 8 is fastened a cam pivoted at 15 to the frame 43 ofthe loom A. bell crank lever 12, pivoted on the loom frame or other suitable support, has adjustably mounted in one arm thereof a bearing block 13, con nected by a rod 1 1, to the free end of the to engage with and drive the ratchet wheel 18 fastened on the shaft of the feed roll 1. The shafts of the feed rolls 1 and 6 are provided with sprocket wheels between which a chain 19 forms an operative connection,

ihreed 20 is preferably provided to keep the'yarns in proper 'alinement,and an idle roll 21 may be'provided to change the direction of the yarns so as to cause increased frictional grip between the yarns and the roll 1 by causing the yarns to lie in contact is a detail of the ravity yarn ten- Q'against which the cam follower 10 on the lever 11 is adapted to ride. The lever '11 1s with a greater portion of the'eircumference .of said roll. I

Arranged in the mannershown and de scribed and the yarns threaded through the rolls as illustrated, each time'the chain cam' shaft 8, revolves, the high point on the cam 9 will force upward the cam follower 10, on the lever 11 and the endof the lever working through the rod 14 will force upward the arm of the bell crank lever 12 to which therod is connected and. will cause the ratchet to be advanced enough to engage the next tooth of the ratchet'wheel 18.

As the high point on the cam 9 passes from under the cam follower 10, the weight of the rod 9 and lever 11, which may be assisted by the spring 22,-or other suitable means, will cause a reverse action, and the ratchet 16,'will cause a partial rotation of the ratchet wheel, and of all the feed rolls, and deliver a fixed predetermined amount of yarn with each revolution of'the chain cam shaft 8. r

A method of transmitting power from the chain cam shaft to the feed rolls is illus trated in Fig. 2.

in Fig. 7, 1 illustrate a modification of the feeding mechanism which I prefer to use asthe secondary yarn feed when it is desired to produce llxminster rugs which are to have a body or one solid color and a border of another solid color. In this device, luse a large spool or beam 24: in place of the rolls 6, and7, and omit the operative connection 19, between the first and second pairof rolls. On the yarn beam 24: are'wound the yarns .25 which are to make the cross or end border of the rug. V

1 will next describe the inserting mecha nism or traveling tube frame group, which I usewhen it is desired to, rebuild a present loom' forthe production of plain or plain striped carpets only, and to utilize as many as possible of the parts of the original loom.

The mechanism is illustrated by Figs. 2, 3, 41 and 5 in which 26, represents the usual spool clutch which has. been modified by forming therein bearings adapted to support one end of the rolls 29 and 30; and byadding thereto a bracket 31, adapted to have fastened thereto one end of the reed bar 32. To the other arm of the lever 12 is pivctally attached a ratchet 16, adapte idle roll 29, and the tension roll 30, are put in place after which the tube bar 83, carrying'the yarn tubes 34:, and the reed bar 32.

are fastened to the clutches in any suitable manner. V

The tension roll 30, ispreferably rubbercovered, or roughened in some suitable manner so as to increase the frictional grip between the tension roll and the yarns in contact therewith. (See diagrams, Figs. 1 and r 7 When building a new loom, or when apresent loom is to berebuilt to a full combination, ll-prefer to use a special clutch member 36, adapted tog-rip tube frame unit comprising a tube bar and yarn tubes 33, 34-, reed bar 3:2, and rolls 29 and 30all mounted on or in end pieces 37, so as to form a unit adapted to be gripped by theclutches and whichmay be handled without liability to dis-arrangement of parts (see Figs. 8 and 9). The tube frame group (or inserting mechanism) constructed in this manner'it is a. simple matter to remove the tube frame group-handling the yarns from the spool bank which are to form the main portion of the rug and which I term the primary tube frame group, and to insert a tube frame group handling the yarns from the yarn beam which are to form the cross or end borders of the rug and which I term the secondary tube frame group, or vice versa.

In order to facilitate work on the tube frame while it is in the clutches, as for instance the hooking of yarns through the yarn tubes, I provide means whereby the tube frame and clutches may be raised to, and supported at, a point above the normal high operating position of the tube frame.

These means consist of a shaft 39 mounted on the loom frame 43 at a point some distance above the operating positions of the tube frame a ratchet wheel 4,0 fastened on one end of the shaft; a pawl 41 mounted on the loom frame and in engagement with said ratchet wheel; and cables 38, 38, one end of each of which are fastened to the shaft so that the turning of the shaft will cause the cables to be wound upon, or unwound from, said shaft, the other end of the cables are fastened to the pins in the clutches 26, or to any other suitable point on the tube frame group. Thus arranged the winding of the cables upon, or the un winding from, the shaft will raise, or lower, the tube frame group and clutches, and the pawl provides means for holding them in the raised position. 7

The gravity tension bar 44, loosely mounted in suitable supporting guides '45, a5, keeps a substantially constant tension on the yarns between the delivery end of the yarn feeding mechanism and the tension rolls :29 and regardless of the movement or travel of the tube frame group or inserting mechanism,

A type of spool bank which be used with my improved combination loom is illustrated by Fig. 10, in which 46, represents a standard, 47, cross pieces bearing pins a8, on which spools 4.9 (on which t 1e yarns are wound) fit loosely.

Referring to Fig. 13, it will be noted that in a full combination loom, two sets of yarn.

feeding"meohanisms are" used. The .pri

mary being the same'as illustrated in diagramby Fig. 1:, and the secondarybeing the same as illustrated by F ig. 7;

In the full combination loom (see Fig. 13) when the end border 52, of a rug is to be woven the primary tube frame group'is removed from the clutchesandhung on the shaft 39, oron any other suitable support by means of hooks, '50, or any other suitable means, and the secondary tube frame group inserted in the clutches. U

When the end border of the rug hasbeen woven, the secondary tube framegroup is removed and. hung from a suitable support 51, as indicated by dotted lines, (see Fi plain or striped Axminster carpets or rugs,

or Axminster rugs havinga center of one solid color and a border of another solid color; the loom and necessary spool bank will occupya much smaller amount of factory space than thepresent. typeof Axminster loom; the 'definitevyarn feed in conjunction with the rolling friction provided in mytube frame/group which holds the yarn ends in proper position and prevents their being jerkedcout of position by the movements of the tube frame group or inserting mechanism, and also insures a substantially constant and even'tension on the yarns when they are stretched preparatory to being cut by the shear mechanism of the loom, and results in a smooth even surfaced fabric being' produced with a minimum of waste having been out;

"In my improved loom there is of course no removing or loom spools from the spool chain and replacing of same on the chain,

so I am able to reduce'the necessary motion of the clutches and to work with the tube f 'ame group nearer to the fabric, Thisper- Inits of easier or smoother movements of the inserting mechanism.

It will be seen that by the use of my im: proved loom, I am enabled to eliminate the somewhat costly operation of winding the yarns from the spools or bobbins onto the loom spools,-and to eliminate the cost of such spools and the unkeep of thespools and of the tube bars and yarn tubes which of'necessity form a part thereof. .This cf feet-s a great saving in labor andupkeep as well as reducing the necessary investment production costs by the loom and necessary appurtenances;

. all of which contribute to the lowering- 0f lull} a loom for weaving Axminster can petsfand rugs, the comb nation with the.

usual-weaving mechanism of a positive tuft yarn feeding device driven therefrom and adapted to feed a fixed predetermined amount of tuft yarn during each cycle of the weaving mechanism, said device comprising two pairs of coacting rolls joinedbyan operative connection; and reeds, onemounted in the rear of each of saldpalrs.

ing tension to the tuft yarns between the delivery point of the feeding mechanism and the point alt-which said friction means operate. 0

f8; Ina loom for weaving Axminster carpets and rugs, the combination with the usual weaving mechanism of a tuft yarn feeding niechanlsm adapted to feed a fixed predetermined amount of tuft yarns'at the,

proper time ineach cycle of the loom; a tube frame normally in constantp'osition betweenthe spool clutches of the loom, and having formed thereon means for applying'friction to the tuft yarns before they enter the yarn tubes of said frame-;-aiida rod lying on the tuft yarnsso as to apply tension thereto at a ioint between the delivery point of the feed-- ingmechanism and the point at which'said friction means operate.

a. In a loom for weaving Axminster carpets and rugs, the combination with the usual weaving and spool holding mechanism of a tube frame unit comprising :end pieces adapted to be gripped by the usual spool clutches of-the loom; and having fastened thereto a tube bar with yarn tubes,and

areed bar; and having mounted therein a pair. of coacting rollers adapted to be rotated drawn between said rollers.

7 5. In a loom for weaving Axminster carpets and' rugs, the combination with the usual weaving and spool holding 'mecha nism of a'tube frame normally in constant position between the spool clutches of the loom and provided with means for applying friction to the tuft yarns'at a point adjacent that at whichtheyenter theyarn tubes of by the friction of the tuft yarns as they are said tube frame.

by }the areduction in-i 'factory space required:

plied.

' 6. a loom for weaving Axminster carpets and rugs,the combination with" the usual weaving mechanism-of a traveling tube frame unit compr sing a" tubew frame and yarn tubes, a reed bar, and a palrof rollers yarns at a point adjacent that at which they enter the yarn tubes; means forjieedinga yarns during each cycle of the loom; and meansfor applying a substantially constant tension to; said yarns at a point between the delivery point of the feeding mechanism and the point at which said rolling frictionis ap- .7 In a 100m for weavingAxminster carpets and rugs, the combination with the usual weaving mechanism of means for feedinga fined predetermined amountof each of the tuft yarns being woven into the fabric with each cycle of the loom; rolling'friction applied to said yarns at a point adjacent that at which they enter the yarn tubes of the inserting mechanism; and a gravity'tension bar applying tension tofsaid yarns at a point between the deliverypoint of the feeding mechanism and the point at which said rolling friction is applied. t

8. In a loom for weaving liznninster carpets and rugs, the combination with the usual weaving'mechanism of a tuft yarn feeding mechanism adapted to draw the yarns from: spools and deliver a fixed predetermined amount of each yarn toward the tube frame; spool clutches; a tube frame normally in constantposition betweensaid-spool clutches and means connected therewith for applying rolling friction to the tuft yarns; and means for apply ng substantially con stant tension to the tuft yarns between the delivery point of the feeding mechanism and the point at which rolling friction is ap' plied.

9'. Ina loom for weaving Axminster carpets and rugs, the combination with the usual weaving mechanism, of a pair of coacting feed. rolls adapted to draw thetuft yarns from a beam and deliver a fixed predetermined amount of each yarn toward the tube frame; spool clutches; a tube frame normally in constant position between said spool clutches and having means connected therewith for applyin rolling friction to thetuft yarns; and means for applying substantially constant tension to the tuft yarns between the feed rolls and the point at which rolling friction is applied. p

10. In a loom for weaving Axminster carpetsnand rugs, the-combination with the usual weaving and spool holding mecha:

nism, of aprimary tuft yarn feeding mecha nism adapted'to draw yarns from spools and bobbins, and a secondarytuft yarn feeding mechanism adapted to draw yarns from a beam, both of said feeding mechanisms adapted to apply-rolling friction to the tuft Y fixed predetermined amount, of each ofsaid:

adapted to feed a fixed predetermined amount of tuttyarn with each cycle of the ing mechanism; atube frame support; a

pair of tube frames, one adapted to handle the tuft yarns from the, prn'nary yarn feed,

the other to handle the tuft yarns from the secondary yarn feed, said tube frames and yarn -feeds so arranged that either tube frame may be inserted between vthe spool elutehes of the loom, end it and the feeding mechanism supplying yarn-thereto, operated While the other is hung from said tube frame support, Without interfering with the other tube frame and feeding mechanism.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature.

CHARLES H. COLLINS. 

